A Comprehensive Review of the Causes of Male Infertility

Abstract

Male infertility is a complex and multifaceted issue with significant implications for reproductive health. This comprehensive review delves into the intricate web of factors contributing to male infertility, offering a nuanced exploration of the primary causes. Genetic factors, hormonal imbalances, varicocele, environmental influences, infections, structural abnormalities, and sexual dysfunction emerge as pivotal determinants impacting male reproductive potential. Diagnostic approaches, encompassing semen analysis, hormonal tests, imaging studies, and genetic testing, play a crucial role in uncovering the underlying causes. Treatment modalities, ranging from lifestyle modifications to advanced assisted reproductive technologies, underscore the multidisciplinary nature of addressing male infertility. Through a meticulous examination of each causative factor, this review seeks to enhance our understanding, guiding both clinicians and researchers toward more effective interventions. The article concludes with a conclusion on current challenges, future perspectives, and the imperative for ongoing research to unravel the complexities surrounding male infertility. This review article aims to provide a valuable resource for clinicians, researchers, and individuals seeking insights into the multifaceted landscape of male reproductive health.