Biochemical Study of Some Parameters in Patients with Angina in Karbala City

Abstract

This biochemical study focuses on evaluating the temporal dynamics of four critical biomarkers—Visfatin, high-sensitivity Troponin (Troponin h.s), Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE), and Proteinase 3 (PR3)—in patients suffering from angina pectoris in Karbala City, Iraq. Angina, a key manifestation of coronary artery disease, presents in two main clinical forms: stable and unstable. These subtypes differ in pathophysiology, severity, and outcomes, thus demanding tailored diagnostic and prognostic approaches. The study aims to investigate how these biomarkers behave over time based on a series of blood samples collected at fixed intervals: baseline, 1 hours, 6 hours, and 12 hours. Data from 90 patients, equally distributed between stable and unstable angina and 30 male as control group. Findings reveal that Visfatin and PR3 show more aggressive and fluctuating patterns in younger patients with unstable angina, reflecting acute inflammatory and metabolic distress. Troponin h.s levels remained elevated in both age groups with unstable angina, indicating ongoing myocardial injury. Meanwhile, ACE levels demonstrated a sustained increase in older patients, especially those with unstable angina, suggesting chronic vascular stress. These insights underscore the importance of temporal biomarker monitoring over static assessments and highlight the potential for age-specific and phenotype-specific risk stratification. This study contributes valuable data toward personalized cardiovascular diagnostics and supports the integration of biochemical monitoring into routine clinical evaluation of angina patients.